PERSONAL ETHICAL VIEWPOINT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PERSONAL ETHICAL VIEWPOINT - Essay ExamplePersonal ethics and responsibilities enable one to acquire good qualities and be obedient. Personal office can also be considered as taking responsibility for ones actions and accepting the consequences resulting from those actions and understanding that the actions affect the people around us. According to my send of view, I think that people should develop good attitudes and virtues in order to act responsibly all the time. The ethical lens inventory stand bys me to identify my essential ethical lens that supports me in maintaining my responsibilities and acting responsibly.Ethics argon personal as everyone has a different foundation and potential for building his/her morals. My morals are mainly building my ethics as they guide me on what to do and what to believe as good and right. The ethical lens inventory is an online assessment that assist me to learn and sterilise my preferred ethical lens, identify my ethical biases and unders tand how the other individuals may view the same ethical dilemma in their declare perspectives. In addition, ethical lens inventory helps to identify how to prioritize my core values when making ethical decisions. The ethical lens inventory helps one to determine whether their decisions focus on results or their goals, their rights and responsibilities, reputation, and relationship. These ethical lenses affect peoples decisions and their relationship with others when faced with ethical problems. By understanding my own biases and those of others, I take chances it easier to arrive on decisions without having conflicts.Personal ethics and responsibilities helps by motivating me to work hard thus leading to the success of my work. As a student my responsibilities help me to work hard on my subjects in order to enhance my learning and understanding. Personal ethics and responsibilities guide one to his or her destiny. My responsibilities lead me to my destiny as it reflects my choice s, actions, attitudes, emotions

Scientific Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Scientific Writing - Essay ExampleInnate immunity comprises mainly of the skin and mucosal surfaces. The main function of this immune is to prevent doorway of specific non-self antigens. In many cases, compromising of innate immunity occurs and consequently pathogens gain entry into the body. The remedy then is the acquired immunity, which comprise the cellular immunity, (lymphocytes, macrophages, natural cause of death cells, and antigen-presenting cell) and humoral immunity (mediated by macromolecules). It works by recognizing disease causing pathogens and triggering mechanisms that destroy them. (Weinstein 40)Many diseases that kill people in this century originate from try as opposed to improper diet, and pathogen resistance to drugs. More investment on in making people less stressed than in pharmaceutical firms it to be considered by any nation that want healthy and effective citizens. An immune system in its right condition is able to keep pathogens at verbalise and maintai n the body health. Stress remarkably interferes the immune system by altering its functioning. It suppresses the immune system function and over time causes tearing raft of this important system. Stress is the feeling of inability to deal with a life-threatening situation. It leads to emotional, psychological, and physical problems. The physical problems include bone marrow disease, high blood pressure, chest diseases, and heart rate abnormalities (Harrington 26).The adrenal glands release adrenaline when someone is under stressful conditions. It responds well to short term stress through fight or dodging response. Adrenaline stimulates the heart rate, contracting blood vessels dilating air passages thus increasing a subsequent flow of blood to the muscles and the amount of oxygen intake in the lungs (Weinstein 43). These responses affect the digestive system by inhibiting the digestion. If stress is prolonged, the production of

Good Education vs. Bad Education Essay Example for Free

Good Education vs. Bad Education EssayPersuasive Research Paper By K aren Elzy Date July 25, 2010 Course COM 220 Teacher Sherry Ann smith Good Education vs. Bad Education Does unity think he or she erect get very far without having a great reproduction? Statistics shows that race with a great education are much to a greater extent winnerful than those who do non receive a great education. Many people who graduate from high give lessons and college are tackled to get a break off job and higher(prenominal) position than those who have never finish their high discipline or college education. there are intimately teachers, doctors, lawyers, journalists, and umpteen a(prenominal) other higher educated people who have succeeded with farther education than people who wish not to succeed and not get an education. Good education is better than bighearted education beca riding habit the outcome leave behind be much greater with a well-behaved education than with a bad vir tuoso. Nelson Mandela stated that, Education is the most justly weapon which one dirty dog use to change the world. This is true. Every human should wishing to be educated, be courtship the world is full of technology which influences our world greatly.People who are not educated enough lead surely be uniformed and leftover behind in todays society. Technology is in business officers, domesticates, hospitals, doctor offices, stores, homes, and many other places. Today, the school systems start off with teaching the students how to use computers in kindergarten. The students are using this knowledge that they have rented from school and relating it to their parents. Parents should keep their sisterren in school so they send away learn everything which being taught by the teacher, and by doing this, the outcome go away be rewarding.Teachers are a gift to students and parents be former they are teaching the students everything that there is to learn about education. Witho ut teachers, students will not learn the knowledge they need to succeed in this world without a unplayful education. Many surveys show that a well teacher from the 1920-1980s are more experienced in age in teaching than those teachers who are fresh out of college. Older teachers have more experience and knowledge in child development than college teacher who just beginning and this really matters.Many new teachers cannot explain problems to their students when they write it on the broad. This is what I call bad education, be causa the student cannot meet the problem out either. When students are failing because of these situations this is when the teacher should call the parent in to see if they could work out a way to help act this problem together. Many teachers today are not concern about the outcome of their students, so it is very important for the parent keep in tint with that teacher and their child grades.This is when bad education is a part of the student and the teach er who is teaching. Many student drops out of school because of lack of consistency they receive. Having a good education will ensure one to have a better job than anyone who does not have an education. By continuing ones education and getting a college degree, applying for major jobs will not be such a hassle. The reason being is because most companies directly look at the education section of an application or resume. The perks with having a good job will be such as paid vacations, top salaries, 401k, good amends packages, and many others.Many people may start out in a great established company and learn everything about it then compensate or progress their own business and become more successful than that previous business. Having knowledge causes all these successes. How can one have a good job without learning skills from education? Many jobs are skilled and furthering education will help with a much more skilled jobs or profession. boost education by talking to the student s will bring love, wealth, values, and family respect.When students feel they do not have any encouragement they will drop out of school, some will go to jail, depression, drug abuse, and steal the results of this are a mind is a terrible thing to waste. Going to school is not just about being there physically. It is important to take over really close attention to what the teacher is teaching. Clowning around would be a very horrible idea. This can cause one to miss important information for ones future workplace. Employers will not take him or her seriously if they look at ones transcript and thinks they have goofed off while in school.They will think that it will be brought to their workplace. Furthermore, paying attention will guarantee one the skills that can help in their future workplace this can help one to drum out faster than other employees. This can help one to get a promotion and earn a better pay. Having a bad education will really hurt one. Going to a school in whic h appropriate information is not taught is not such a good idea. This will cause someone not to find a good job. Employers may think that important skills are lacked of their job. Bad education will definitely not lead to a great place.Poverty will be definitely in question that will cause ones family to suffer. In question why would one want to suffer do to this bad outcome? The economy today is suffering enough, and education should be ones top priority to help with tomorrows economy. The economy is suffering from lack of jobs and has caused many people to become roofless. If some of the people would have finish their education then some of them would not be homeless due to the economy. Many homeless children do not attend school because of their situation.Many kids are being teased by other children because of their homeless situation, this cause a problem in education as well. Homeless kids are rated highly in education than some children who attend daily. Many children miss ou t on education because of being homeless. Many people were deprived of continuing their education due to lack of funding. Today people are successfully continuing their education because of grants and low use up rates on loans for education. There are people who have not attended school for a long period and due to available coin have returned.The president of the United States of America has helped check this possible for adults and others to go back to school. Many opportunities through programs as these help to better education. If some of these programs were offered introductory maybe most people would have finished school. There are things that can cause bad education. For example, mental and physical abuse can cause one to have a low self esteem about them. If someone were to lose a parent or someone close to them this would cause him or her to avoid school. Many kids bully other kids and cause them to drop out or not wanting to return to school at all.Parents need to pay close attention to his or her children in order to make sure he or she is not facing any of these problems. Many schools pay close attention to children attitudes to see if any changes have occurred. There have been many reports about abuse and kids who suffer in their education because of such reason. There are after school programs to help further children education, and to help working parent who do not have the proper time with helping their children with their homework. These programs are designed to help with homework, study skills, testing, and behavior conduct.There are many dedicated teachers and teacher aides who take the time out to help children advance in his or her education. Many parents are very grateful to these teachers and teacher aides for their time and effort in helping his or her children. Through these programs many children have passed leaped and other important test for school. These children who attend these programs have good study habits and are very ded icated to their learning. The outcome help the children score higher on different test and help them to become honor and respectable.Distinguishing good and bad education is not hard to do. A good education can include a school and/or instructor meeting and talking to their students. A good school and/or instructor will build their students confidence to make them feel like learning, participating in classroom activities, and getting to know the students parents. A good education can to a fault include such things as, after school tutoring, respecting and giving respect, and make their students get involved however, it is not limited to these things. Having a good education guide will make the student on a lower floorstand all material efficiently.For example, the instructor will make sure everything is explained fluently and is understood, their classroom will be in order. They will make sure the material is not boring and make sure their students are alert they will care and make sure to encourage their students on how important their work is and how far it will take them in life if they complete it and earn their diplomas. A bad education is kicking out a student for asking a question that the instructor may have answered or may have not patience is very important when it comes to education.If an instructor is rude and unenthusiastic, it can make the student feel as if they need not to complete the course. However, if the instructor stop and help challenge them, the student will look forward to getting their education and make sure to make every class. If an instructor shows that they are only there to get a paycheck, this can more than likely stop the enthusiasm of the student. A bad instructor can indeed make their student feel dumb which can cause a student to be a dropout and end up as a statistic.Remember education is important so the school, instructor, and student shall take it seriously. A good education will help one get a great job that has a goo d pay and great benefits. The result of a good education can lead to making friends that can be there for a lifetime and a possible business partner. However, if one receives a bad education, if can lead to a road of failure. Bad education will really hurt one in the long run he or she may not be able to get a good job, a steady job, and may end up living in poverty.Employers may think that one lack some skills and give one a very low position and may be even under paid. The economy will not suffer if everyone would stay in school and receive their education. Thanks to the many opportunities of grants and loans to help further education, it can really make everyones future bright. If people would pay close attention to kids they can see if they are facing major problems that are preventing one from their education. After school programs are very helpful in helping students to advance in their studies, and it is also a great tool to their parents as well.In order for one to succeed, one must be in an effective school system with reliable material being taught. One must also have an instructor to encourage them and help out if the understanding is not present. Encouraging education by talking to the students will bring love, wealth, values, and family respect. If the encouragement is not present and/or a bad education would be received by the student which can cause them all kinds of downfalls in the future. Staying in school, being focused and getting their proper education are the goals in being successful.In conclusion, good education is better than a bad education because the outcome is much better and the future will look much better with a good education rather than a bad education. As Nelson Mandela says, Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. Many doctors, lawyers, engineers, writers, public speakers, and even teachers and students have really changed our world today. Education is the key to everyones success story. Good Education Vs. Bad Education References Hein, Karen. Young People as Assets A Foundation View. Social Policy 30. 1 (1999) 20. General One File. Web. 13 June 2010.

Management Hence Essay Example for Free

Management Hence EssayIt was a win-win proposition for both HS3C and 01B to merge to draw synergies from the saturation of both, HSBCS technology, global reach and product innovation and Olds domestic reach and strong customer base. Under the terms of the fusion, HSBC Middle East will inject an additive capital of US $97 4m into HSBC Oman and in turn, 01B issued to HSBC new plows equivalent to 51 per cent ot the shareholding In the combined entity. Though thither were synergies end the merger provided gains, there were certdln challenges. The organisational culture, customer profile, business segment, banking products and technology in place were totally different. All these require adoption of suitable change customers and 10,000 corporate clients of more than 80 branches under(a) one unified anking platform and connecting more than 140 ATMs to the OmanNet National Switch Network were completed by the bank well ahead of its scheduled target. In addition, issue of fresh ATM/ Debit cards to ex-OIB customers were achieved in record time.HSBC Bank Oman also made changes in the business process by fashioning a number of lending policy changes to benefit its customers, rolled out complimentary life insurance on personal loans, launched receivables finance besides providing comfort added services like on-the-ground payments and cash management roposition to strengthen clients coverage capabilities. (wrww. hsbc. co. om) Change of management style The bank successfully manages the changes required in technology, business practices and corporal infrastructure.However, the biggest challenge for the bank will be integrating the workforce and bringing across a uniform Organisational Culture. Towards this aim and in line with the National Objectives to have all the 1300 people of both banks, HSBC trained ex-OIB staff to new working culture and banking products of HSBC group. Unlike other challenges, this one will be difficult to uantify and could be gauged only by the success of the merged entity in terms of its market share and financial performance.Conclusions Though the bank has achieved significant progress in initial challenges like technological and organisational integration, the impact on its business can be gauged only after looking at the financial results of the bank and its market share in 2013 and 2014. However, with a newly expanded team, diverse geographical network and growing customer base, the business opportunities for HSBC Bank Oman are significant. No doubt the merger creates an opportunity for the bank to drive growth n Oman and thereby having a strong presence in the Gulf and demonstrate its commitment.

Counseling Ethics Essay Example for Free

Counseling Ethics EssayEthics are based on philosophical principles and these guidelines assist a pr moulditioner in making the best realistic lasts for the welfare of the nodes and the practitioner himself. Ethics are normative or critical in character and annoying human conduct and moral decision. Morality describes decision making and judgement by an individual concerning an incident or human behaviour. This is greatly influenced by the value he or she has acquired or formed as a result of external influence or indoctrination. Value is an enduring belief that a particular(prenominal) that a specific end-state of conduct is desirable (McLeod, 1998). Terminal and instrumental values are two types of values where the former refer to the desired end-state of existence, for example comprehension and the later refer to the mode of conduct that leads to it, for example broad-mindedness .Values then influence and determine the decisions we choose to stimulate in our daily live s.In providing an effective, therapeutic therapy, a practitioner helping a node encountering dilemma in decision- making whitethorn adopt the eight step model approach to think by the honest hassles (Corey, Corey C every last(predicate)anan, 2007). The steps of the model are described as follows stride 1- Identify the problem or dilemma.In the first step the existence of the problem essential be recognised. The nature of the problem has to be ascertained. Identify if it is an ethical, legal, moral, professional or clinical problem. The practitioners and the nodes insights regarding the problem must be examined. Consultation with the client can begin at this stage as problems are being identified. Looking at the problem from opposite perspectives is utilitarian as most ethical dilemmas are complex.Step 2 Identify the potential issues involved.From the collected information, irrelevant ones must be discarded. The critical issues must be noted and described. The welfare of th ose involved their rights and responsibilities must be evaluated. Ethical principles relevant to the problem must be identified and examined with the client. In doing so the moral principles namely, autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, justice and fidelity must be considered and applied to thesituation. The safety and welfare of the client and practitioner cannot be compromised while potential issues are being sorted out.Step 3- Review the relevant ethics codes.The practitioner must prove guidance that can be found from the professional codes of ethics. They provide a basis for accountability, and by their enforcement, provide protection for clients from unethical practices (Corey, 1997). Practitioner must also examine the agreeability of his values with the relevant codes. Should they be in conflict, he must film a rationale to support his stance. It is essential to consider congruency of these values and ethics with those of the clients. The practitioner must ensure clarity of the ethical codes and if they are applicable with the state laws of the region.Step 4- Know the applicable laws and regulations.The practitioner should be up to date with the specific and relevant laws that apply to the ethical issue. This is particularly critical in situations which deal with keeping or breaching of confidentiality, reporting of child or elder abuse, record keeping, assessment, diagnosis, issues pertaining to dangers to self or others and the grounds of malpractice.Step 5- Obtain consultation.Consulting with colleagues to obtain different perspectives on the problems is generally considered to be helpful. Seeking legal counsel for legal questions is prudent along with consulting a person with an expertise in an unfamiliar market-gardening to serve a client from that culture. In addition the practitioner must understand current rules and regulations of the agency or boldness that he or she is functional for. It is wise for the nature of the consultation and s uggestions provided to be documented. These records would illustrate the practitioners attempt to adhere to the communitys standard practice.Step 6- Consider possible and probable courses of action.At this point a list of a variety of courses of action whitethorn be identifiedthrough brainstorming. The practitioner could discuss with the client as well as other professionals the available options. The possibilities could be identified for probable courses of actions and these should be documented.Step 7- Enumerate the consequences of various decisions.From the various possible courses of actions, implications of each course must be examined. The questions of who will be affected and to what extent will the clients decision to pursue the actions affect them must be carefully examined. Again using the fundamental moral principles as a framework, the client must collaborate with the practitioner to ascertain the probable outcomes and consequences. If new ethical issues arise from the s elected course of action, a re-evaluation of the action must be pursued.Step 8- Decide on what appears to be the best course of action.Careful consideration of all information received from different sources deliberately and with sensitivity to cross cultural issues is critical before making the best decision. Once making the decision, informing the supervisor, implementing and documenting the decision follows. Reflecting on the experience considering any follow up action could result in finding a solution for the client.While the procedural steps may help in resolving ethical matters, some implications may be noted. Firstly, the client enters a collaborative relationship with the practitioner. The implication is that the client with the practitioners help must draw out the details of the problem. This implicates that the client should refrain from coveting relevant information to enable an accurate analysis of the issue. This is to ascertain the true nature of the problem whether i t is an ethical, legal, moral, professional, or clinical one. The different perspectives of the problem must be explored. What are the insights the client and practitioner have regarding the problem? (Corey et al., 2007). Failing which the consequence is an extra delay in resolving the problem as there will be an inaccurate analysis of the situation.Secondly, in identifying the potential issues, all the persons involved in the problem must be identified. The implication of failing to identify any one individual who may be affected by the decision of the client would be unethical. The welfare, rights and responsibilities of those affected by the decision might create a different set of problems. The decision would then have to be reversed and a new course of action would have to be pursued. It is to therefore necessary to explore to what extent the course of the action will affect the client and the others (Corey et al., 2007). coterminous the values and ethics of the client and the practitioner must be evaluated and the degree of congruency noted. This implicates that the relevant ethical principles that are identified to the problem should not be in conflict with those of the client and the practitioner. If there are disagreements, then they must be supported with a rationale. If necessary, guidance must be sought from the relevant organization to clarify the professional codes to the particular problem. Otherwise consequently, the clients decision may violate the ethical codes relevant to the issue.The client must be sure of the relevant and most recent laws or regulations that apply to the situation. He must look out for any law or regulations that have a military capability on the situation. The implication of his ignorance is that he may run into problems with the law. The practitioner too must abide by the rules, regulations and policies of the workplace. When in doubt practitioner must seek professional advice. The client must be informed of legal is sues related to confidentiality, abuse of the vulnerable, record keeping and grounds for malpractice. If the practitioner disc all overs a criminal act by a client for example, sex with an under-aged girl he has the moral responsibility to report him. The practitioner has the ethical responsibility to discuss with the client on the implications of his actions before reporting the incident. The client must understand the implications of his actions that violate the law.The fundamental moral principles may be considered as framework for evaluating the consequences of the given course of action. The client mustdecide the principles that apply to the situation specifically and prioritise them. By thinking through these ethical principles, professional can better evaluate their options in such complex situations. Prioritising the principles can help the client and practitioner to work through the steps of the decision-making model (Elizabeth, 2010). There are implications however when pr ioritizing one over another. The practitioner encourages the client to exercise autonomy i.e. making a free choice. In doing so, the client must have the concept of doing no harm or non-maleficence and acting in justice (Elizabeth, 2010). Conflict can arise when subscribing to justice which may result in the necessity of treating an individual differently. Though not aristocratical to apply equal weightage to all the principles, it will help to explore an ethical dilemma and resolve it with the least damage to the welfare of those affected.The model may be effectual when clients seek help in making decisions in their life regarding relationship issues. A client may be caught in a loveless marriage and be involved in an extra-marital affair and seek advice to take the next step in his life. The dilemma of whether to dissolve his marriage and move on with his life or stay in the marriage to fulfil his duties towards his wife and children is one that needs careful consideration. A di vorce would mean breaking up of his family and causing a disruption in the relationship with his children. Staying in the marriage would mean the sacrifice of his love life. Analysing his situation using the model can tramp light to clarify the implications of his actions and weigh the consequences.The model may help clients to make decisions at their place of work regarding conflicting work practices. An office worker may be tormented by the wrong practices of her fellow colleagues. She may be facing a dilemma as to whether to report her colleagues to the management or cover a blind eye to the situation. The model can help the client to analyse the situation and evaluate her moral values. She would then be able to make an ethical decision that would do least harm to those involved in the situation.In conclusion, the eight step model can be a useful tool in helping a practitioner to guide clients to make sound decisions that do not haveconflict with their ethics and are aline wi th the laws and regulations of the region. In doing so the practitioner must ensure that he or she is operating in the best interest of the clients.

Johnson and johnson

Johnson and johnsona.Executive SummaryJohnson and Johnson ships company has innovationned a new merchandise lounge in the market specifically for Pakistan where a big nume point of populates having non affluent aw atomic number 18ness of bacterial and germs infection. The product named as Pak antibacterial gook is designed that depicts quick, easy and effective relegate wash drawing. Proper hand process is the most effective preventative measure accessible to combat communicable diseases. Skin problems are common for people of all get on withs. Whether you suffer with a rash, fretful skin, skin fungus or infection, skin bumps, or skin tags. Im fitting handwashing.The MarketThrough analysed facts and figures Johnson and Johnsons Pak antibacterial liquid ecstasy is wide market such as mothers, boorren and employees. The ass market has population of more than than 160 one thousand million in which 68% of people are not properly wash their hands before eating. pile o f the country are not much aware about the bacterial infections. So JJ planned an attractive merchandising strategy which testament ready the people and nooky healthy life in their own hands.Based on detailed financial projections,JJ give require22 million Pakistani Rupees and will generatepositive cash flowin start quarter, course 1.Sales Forecastb.Introduction1.aBackgroundJohnson and Johnson (JJ) is a global pharmaceutical product company. This company is a hale known organization. The company started its first outturn in 1886 and after one year in 1987 it is incorporated.The company headquarter is in New Brunswick located at prime location.b.bHistoryThe company Johnson n Johnson was free-base in 1886 (around 120 years ago) on a revolutionary idea by Robert Wood Johnson, James Wood Johnson and Edward Mead Johnson when doctors and nurses started to using bandages and dressing, sterile suture for treating hurt peoples.The company has maintained friendly environment and v ery(prenominal)(prenominal) keen in health and safety from the beginning, they first time used non-polycarbonate containers instead of plastic bottles. JJ uses a largest solar power generator as a member of Green House for keeping the environment.b.cCorporate chairmanship of the Companyv Robert Wood Johnson I 1887-1910v James Wood Johnson 1910-1932v Robert Wood Johnson II 1932-1963v Philip B. Hofmann 1963-1973v Richard B. Sellars 1973-1976v James E. Burke 1976-1989v Ralph S. Larsen 1989-2002v William C. Weldon 2002-b.dCorporate Governance mesa of directors of Johnson Johnson are listed belowMary Sue Coleman, James G. Cullen, Dominic Caruso, Michael M.E. Johns, Ann Dibble Jordan, Arnold G. Langbo, Susan L. Lindquist, Leo F. Mullin, Christine A. Poon, Steven S. Reinemund, David Satcher, and William C. Weldon.http//cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson_%26_JohnsonIn the first period of their breeding during 1886 to 1926 they got success to establish a company in New Brunswick and they focuse d on sterile surgical dressing to save the lives of patients. They participate in saving peoples lives in1906 Francisco disaster. Their global expansion began in 1919 from Canada and 1924 from England.During Their second period of product lines expansion beenb.eCompany StructureJJ is with several business segments in all around the world with 250 companies in 57 countries. The companies are concerning with future(a) particular areasConsumer Health CareMedical Devices and DiagnosticsPharmaceuticalsProducts of JJMedical Devices and DiagnosticsJJ is helping hospitals with the technologies to restore the joys of precious life of human being who are detriment with diseases and chronic conditions all around the world. They are providing more than 20 kind of technological devices including Orthopedics, Implants, Joint Replacements, Sports Medicins, Heart and Vascular Diseases etc.b.fConsumer ProductsFor improving the quality of all day life the consumer companies of JJ target the impai r care, skin and hair care, oral care, nutritional, pain relief, topical care and much more. Their vision is very clear and the companys guide word is BRINGING SCIENCE TO THE ART OF HEALTHY LIVING.b.gThe Pharmaceutical segmentJohnson Johnson invested over $5 billion in 2008 on RD. This investments majority was in quintuple therapeutic areas where the Pharmaceutical segment is strategically focused and where there continues to be signifi piece of tailt unmet medical need. Following areas are included cardiovascular disease and metabolism, neuroscience (including pain) infective disease, immunology and oncology.b.hRecent ProductsJ J is continue to providing healthier life to their consumers. Here are some new-fangled products lounged by the companyAVEENO Intense Relief correct CreamAVEENO POSITIVELY AGELESS Firming Body LotionAVEENO POSITIVELY AGELESS Warming ScrubCLEAN CLEAR ADVANTGE Blackhead Eraser Exfoliating CleanserJOHNSONS HEAD-TO-TOE Foaming washablesJOHNSONS Baby Bubbl e Bath Wash1.Situation analysisOur antibacterial soap is specially produced to protect people from germs and bacteria. Especially in Pakistan where is not a complete understanding of peoples about the bacterial infection. People in third World countries are not fully aware of these kinds of problems. Even in bucolic areas of Pakistan where people are not literate, they are facing new skin problems every day.Our new product targets those areas of the third world where people are not aware of bacterial defense. First we focus people who are aliment in rural areas of Pakistan especially interior Balochistan.1.1Market Summary1.1.1Market Demographic tally to a survey population and emergence rate of Pakistan is under the followingPopulation of the country 172,800,000 ( jibe to July 2008 best estimation)Growth rate of population 2.2% (according to 2008 estimation)Birth balance 31 births per 1,000 population (2008 est.)Death ratio 8 deaths per 1,000 population (2008 est.)Net migratio n ratio -1.0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)Refrwiki http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_PakistanIn this survey more than 68% population of Pakistan is living in rural areas where people are not aware about the bacterial infections.1.2External summary1.2.1Political AnalysisConstant political instability does coin the company in terms of building relations with the governments. It is very punishing to maintain long term relations with all the governments. Pakistan is aligning with US against the terrorism and because of this their peoples are victims of terrorism and are stressed.1.2.2Environmental AnalysisSolid waste burning, bad-quality fuels, and the growing use of motor vehicles are contri preciselying towards in air pollution that in some cities as exceeded levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization. The country is suffering a tidy sum from the dry climates.The country has poor water alkali even more than 70% population dont have refined water for d rinking. Moreover country has not a proper sewerage system.1.2.3Social AnalysisJJ has to be very careful according to implementation of its promotional private road. Since the social culture of Pakistan is very conservative and any suggestive advertisement face a lot of reactions on the part of consumers.1.2.4Technological AnalysisPakistan is a big consumer of new technology. Internet companies are providing a wide range of coverage. Transportation is cheaper than other big countries plainly there is a big problem of electricity. Existing infra mental synthesis is unable to fulfil the complete requirements of the country.1.2.5Economical AnalysisThe economic condition of Pakistan will always call for the company. As Pakistan inflation rate is going high and high and income of peoples is not increasing as pricing of products are going up.Pakistan has a semi-industrialized economical country. The growth poles of the countrys economy are situated along the Sindh River (Indus River), diversified economies of Karachi, Lahore and Faisalabad are located with less developed areas in other parts of the country. Pakistans economic growth rate has been increased in last 40 years and getting salutary as compare to 1947. But still there are not equal facilities that fulfil economic requirements of the population.1.2.6Legal AnalysisThere are no legal issues in Pakistan for JJ as company meets all the legal requirement of the country.1.3 SWOT Analysis1.3.1StrengthsThe major strength of JJ in Pakistan is affiliation and support from the Johnson and Johnson global organization which has a good reputation in health sector.Another advantage is accessibility of high technology infrastructure.JJ never compromise on the quality of services and the products, they provide to the consumer.1.3.2WeaknessesJJ have only a weakness that they are coming in that market where already have sinewy competitors and they are well known and have very strong relations with the consumers. Accor dingly JJ is not enough strong in that market so capturing new market is very challenging goal for the company.1.3.3OpportunitiesAlthough the existing antibacterial soap manufactures have already started the campaign to be aware peoples of the country about the bacterial infection but there is still a big market to start out. We believe that JJ have an opportunity to attach rural areas of the country where people have not mentally prepared to bargain these antibacterial products.In urban areas people of Pakistan already familiar with JJ baby shampoo and other valued products for baby care, they will automatically buy these products.1.3.4ThreatsIn every market there is a chance of new reaching in the same field. Soap industry has very good margins and growing up and up day by day, so there is always a chance to have more competitors.Other main players in the antibacterial soap category (Safeguard by PG, Dettol by Reckitt Benckiser and Lifebuoy by Unilever) in Pakistan have strong positioned their cracks for everyday use against bacteria.They are offering some sort of additions in their products by regular basis, they can challenge JJ by providing new improvements and they alike trim back their prices to beat JJ in competition.1.4Competitor AnalysisThe following are three big companies are already operating in this area.1.4.1PGProctor Gamble has positioned to provide every day new advertisement and they have 20 percent of market share. A series of merchandise campaign distinguished safeguard soap to all other market competitors. They have variety of types and different flavours of products.1.4.2UniliverUniliver have 10 percent market share in the target market. They started merchandising campaign and competing with PG but their marketing strategy is not as effective as PG has.1.4.3Reckitt BenckiserReckitt Benckiser are producing antibacterial soap named Dettol Soap, they have 5 percent of market share. They are well behind the both top companies product s (Unilivers Lifebouy and PGs Safeguard).1.5 scattering Pattern AnalysisRegional providers are providing distribution in the soap industry. These distributors serve a large atom of the market based on the size of the market and delivering to the organizations monthly and weekly depending on the demand of the company and usage patterns.Food services deliveries typically of cleansing products once in a month. Hospitals have a different distribution system they win monthly a large amount of money of soaps.Restaurants typically receive once in a week delivery of soaps and the stores receives some times weekly and some times after two week according to the demand.3.Objectives modernise a complete prototype which meets regulatory standards by June2010.Become thespecialty soap of choice for day cares across the Pakistan by December 2010.Achieve gross revenue of Rs10 million by the end of 2010.4.Mission StatementJohnson and Johnson believe on the launching of new products.Business must make a sound profit.We must investigate with new ideas.Research must be carried on, innovative programs developed and mistakes paid for.New equipment must be purchased, new facilities providedand new products launched.Johnson and Johnson is an innovative consumer company which provide new products and new ideas in health sector. Johnson and Johnson never compromise on quality and have well reputation around the world.5.VisionJohnsons Johnsons vision is very clear. There vision is-Keeping children free of infectionWe partner with Task Force for Global Health so children can stay healthy-Focussing on wellness and preventionWe remain commited to expand the ways we care the people through out the World.-Fulfilling new need of new marketsOur vision is to improve the quality of peoples unremarkable life. Peoples and values are our companys biggest assets. We know that our companys every invention and every product is powered by the people. We also recognise that different age, national ity and sexual orientation, physical ability, idea ability and backgrounds bring richness to our work environment.6. outlineOur executive team willbuild loyaltyfor our products withdecision-level managers of the organizations in the target markets, and they will create such a strategy in which target people directly target. For this purpose they will make some effective advertisement and will use children, male and mothers to deliver the specific messages to the audience.6.1 outline PyramidOurultimate strategyisto build JJ products intothe standard forhome and workplacehand washing and bathing for cleanings and free of bacteria by targeting daily routine of children, mothers and workers. We will contract the insurance, advertising companies as well as government companies to start strong branding campaign to make aware of the peoples of the brand.6.2Competitive StrategyTo achieve good results we need to concentrate on the quality price and the same time on the competitors. PG is pr oviding a good product with cheap price. According to the Porters Generic Strategy we will use diversification because our product and market is new, where risk of level is high we need to provide low cost soap and with some new and different attributes of our new brand soap.Reckitt Benckiser is also lounged a campaign through advertisement to educate children about the bacterial infection. Same time Uniliver is playing vital role and they are also focusing on the school level children.In accordance to above factors Johnson Johnson is very keen on pricing and quality of products.6.3Marketing StrategyFor our initial target market of home consumers, JJ will implement two parallel marketing efforts. One is aimed to the parents of young children who use this antibacterial soap and other is to educate the children regarding bacterial infection.We need to create a push factor by effectively convincing the mothers of children that our product provides an ideal solution for the bacterial infection to the hand washing compliance and bathing.A branding campaign will build awareness and provide education the children of rural areas where children do not have a proper education of germs and bacteria in their daily life.6.4Market Segmentation6.4.1DemographicOur antibacterial soap targets the children, adult and households. According to CIA World Fact book age structure of Pakistan isAge structure 0-14 years 36.7% (male 33,037,943/female 31,092,572)15-64 years 59.1% (male 53,658,173/female 49,500,786)65 years and over 4.2% (male 3,495,350/female 3,793,734) (2009 EST.)Our primary target are children and females those are more than 50% of total population who want to fulfil an everyday needs. Females are very conscious about their health and skin diseases. They want full protection against bacteria.We also believe that children are potential agents of change in life and imparting education of the importance of hand washing with antibacterial soap will bring healthy habits i n their early life.6.4.2Market GrowthThe overall market of soap is growing up by 10% in recent scenario and particularly 7% growth in antibacterial soap in Pakistan.6.4.3SocioeconomicMiddle class and upper middle class will be the main target of the product.Primary target will be cities and surrounding areas of the cities. Rural market penetration is limited and is primarily driven through wholesalers.PsychographicIn this we can target young house wives and mothers who care about the health of whole family and can educate their children about bacterial infections, health and hygiene.6.4.4Positioning StrategyOur strategy is to provide healthy life with low cost product and high quality. Our product provides conclusive evidence every time a child washes his or her hands for only a marginally higher cost than traditional soaps. The cost is significantly less than gloves or other hand washing liquids available in the market.6.5Product6.5.1Product NamePak Soap6.5.2Product TypeAnti-bacter ial Soap6.5.3Ingredients Tricloson Palm Oil Water sodium laurel Sulphate Laura Mide DEA Glycole Disterate Cocamidopropyl betaine Sodium Sulphate Fragrance Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride Citric Acid Hydanation Tetra Sodium EDTA FCD Red No 4 FDC yellow No 5 Alovera Vitamin E6.5.4Physical and chemical Properties Boiling PointAbove 21 oF Specific Gravity1.02 Volatile by Volume80% approx Solubility in WaterComplete vaporisation RateSame as Water6.5.5Convenience goodThe product will provide complete protection from all seen and unseen germs and bacteria.6.6Pricing Strategyretail pricing for anti bacterial soap will generally be around Rs8/eachand will command a 30% price premium overother available conventional liquidsoaps available in the market. Our values product will not be only attractive toextremely price sensitive customers it will also capture the buyers who are very much caring of their health. The soap market is generally inelastic, but we offer some different benefits o vercurrent available soaps that justify the different qualities and price.6.7 forwarding6.7.1Agency SelectionAround 135 advertising agencies working in the market but Johnson Johnson has selected Manhattan International Limited (MIL) Advertising Company because the company has quaint technology and well reputation with government and civil sector in Pakistan. TV Advertisement Radio Ads News Paper and Magazines Sign Boards6.8PlacePak soap has also planned an in-store placement strategy to promote and market their product so to have maximum visibility to the consumer they have assigned dedicated shelves to the product and are also promoting their product in metro and makro as well. Their placement strategy is mainly focused onv Place Pak Soap succeeding(a) to Safeguardv Equal or more faces than Safeguard, Dettol and Lifebouy.v Place between Dettol Safeguard where Possible.v Build brand block wherever possible.6.9Distribution StrategyInitially our distribution strategy will involve a combination of both distributors and direct sales through some available transmit in the market.Relationships with local Pakistani distributors then will be established for promotional reach and potential users. Our executive team will get the first order after direct delivery to the wholesalers and will give some discount to them.In the future entirely outsourcing distribution will allowJohnson Johnson to focus its efforts on marketing and expanding as quickly as possible.6.10Action Plan6.10.1Gantt chart6.11Financial Strategy (Budgeting)Johnson Johnson pvt ltd is a sub company of Johnson Johnson which operates in the country. This project is only for Rs22 million. We will buy machinery for output signal of soap which will cost only Rs120,000 and purchase for Raw material is only cost for Pakistani Rs.40000. So all other expenses and salaries of employees for production for the first quarter is can be seen in the followingPak soap is a Rs 1 billion brand annually and so the m arketing reckon allocated to it approx 20 % of total Net revenue, not much resources have been allocated to Pak soap marketing efforts due to its squeezed margins and close competition with other antibacterial soaps, it mainly derives its sales from the brand equity of Pak Soap.6.12Sales Forecast7.Evaluation and ControlJohnson Johnson is a family company that prides itself on improving the health and well being of its consumers. By targeting all age groups, socioeconomic statuses, and partnering consumers, the new product will provid 22 million of net profit for the first quarter after the launching of the antibacterial soap, which is the actual amount of the projectDomestic sales increased .2%, while international sales increased 13.8% (2.6% from operations and 11.2% from currency). These figures represent Johnson Johnson meeting and exceeding consumer needs, which is partly the reason why it is a fortune 500 company.8.Conclusion and RecommendationsWe have carefully research an d analysed the market strategies adopted by Johnson Johnson Pakistan to boost the sales of new anti-bacterial soap () in the country and in first quarter Johnson Johnson will capture the 20% of market share.Following are the some suggestions for Johnson Johnson Pakistan Pvt. Ltd.Price of soap will be set the according to the competitors. If competitors reduce their price they reduce their margin and should reduce the price.After successfully launched they should provide some flavours in the soap, so customers can enjoy different flavours as the other competitor Safeguard have 7 flavours in the market.Start a program in which they can educate children, industrial workers and mothers by hiring teams which will go door to door.9.Individual Critical Reflection ReportMarketing Management subject was never interested for me before studying this module. When I started to learn, very first class creates my interest in this subject in which tutor gave us an assignment to analyse the marke t, which was the turning point for me. And we visited some clothing stores than I get knowledge about how to analyse the different things.Before starting my MBA I was not familiar with the appropriate terminologies used in the marketing field, but I was very much sure that I will understand these concepts.I have managerial experience but not in marketing field and I wasnt know even about to write the different types of marketing. As module was passing day by day I looking at many things change in myself, for example when I visit any place or store I started to analyse the things around me. This is the first development which I quality in myself.The concept of learning through case studies was very effective. It polished my reading and implementation of concepts and I come to know how the concepts can be taken out from the printed and electronic Medias. This developed my reading power and I learned how we extract the main points from a whole passage. Initially when I start to read a passage I feel difficulties to take out specific points from the articles, but day by day I feel change in myself, I feel confident and really enjoy reading articles and magazines.Presenting on the front of the class is another opportunity which I got from marketing management module which is very important for a marketing manager or MBA student, because people says presentation is very important for sell some thing. By preparing Wilkinson case study in early classes and presenting on the front of the tutor was an awesome experience which developed a self confidence level and intensify my presentation and speaking skills.By learning in very depth of the marketing concepts I understand how the all stakeholders are very important in the process of marketing such as how the competitors can effect on the business.After completing this module I can write the marketing plan for any organization as I did in this assignment. Now I know how to use the marketing mix and how we can analyse the performance and how can we position an organization in the marketing.Porters Generic Studies, Ansoffs matrix, consumer behaviour, segmentation strategy and decision power of buyers were new for me and now I completely understand that how these models can be implemented in the marketing strategy of a company.Evolution of marketing metrics, ethics and social responsibilities and managing a marketing team is now not difficult for me as I am planning to start my own business after my MBA, I am very happy that I have enough knowledge of measurement and control a marketing plan and how to write a project plan by assigning different tasks to different teams.As a conclusion the whole module was very helpful to build and develop marketing concepts for me.References and BibliographyCourse Bookhttp//www.jnj.comwww.wikipedia.comwww.uniliver.comhttp//www.marketingprofs.com/http//www.articlesbase.com/marketing-articles/https//www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2010.htm l1 / 27LSBF (MBA)

The Roper Logan Tierney Model Nursing Essay

The Roper Logan Tierney Model Nursing EssayThe aim of this study is to demonst target the divvy up answerment that a nurse can provide to a forbearing who had Laparotomy and mesh repair of incarcerated incisional hernia. It too shows how the Roper- Logan- Tierney Model was utilized in assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating patients tending. The core of this business organisation study is on transmittance and wound better management which was identified as the patients main problem. According to NICE (2008), a minimum of 5 out of 100 running(a) patients develop infection and that this covers almost a quarter of all infections acquired in a hospital. The patients name was altered to uphold confidentiality (NMC, 2008). In this study, health and social care policies affecting the patient care were also considered.PATIENT PROFILEMrs P is a 63 years old lady who was admitted due to symptoms of small intestine obstruction equivalent vomiting, bloating and abdominal pai n. She lives with her husband in a privately owned house who also has impaired mobility due to stroke. Mrs P weighs 111 kilograms, 5 feet 7 inches tall and body mass index of 38.Previous medical history includes Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 2 (2008), Congestive Cardiac Failure (2007), point cellulitis (2006), Essential Hypertension (2005), Primary repair of Incisional Hernia (1992), Type 2 Diabetes(1991), Repair of Umbilical Hernia(1985), Total Abdominal Hysterectomy NEC (1979) and Cholecystectomy (1976).After series of examination, she was rig to incur incarcerated incisional hernia which was repaired with mesh on the emergency list. Post- operatively, she was admitted to ITU for ventilator support and post-op care. When she was stable, she was transferred in the ward and two weeks post- op she developed infection and her abdominal wound dehisced. forbearing has to take several medications while in the hospital to help her recover. She had Augmentin (Co- amoxiclav) 625 mg via o ral route three propagation a day, followed by tazocin (Piperacillin with Tazobactam) 4.5 grams intravenously every 8 hours interval, Fragmin (Dalteparin) 7500 units once at 6 pm, senna (7.5mg) two tablets in the evening, bisoprolol 10 mg once casual, furosemide 20 mg daily orally, ramipril 5mg daily orally, amlodipine 10 mg daily oral, paracetamol 1 gram 4-6 hourly oral, domperidone 10mg three times daily orally, insulin Glargine(Lantus) twice a day SC injection, Novorapid three times daily SC injcetion, and oxycodone hydrochloride (oxynorm) 10 milligrams every 4-6 hours orally when needed.PATHOPHYSIOLOGYThe development of an surgical site infection dep devastations on contamination of the wound site at the end of a surgical procedure and specifically relates to the pathogenicity and inoculum of microorganisms present, balanced against the hosts immune response(NICE,2006). Typically, wound infection is cause by migration of patients normal flora to the wound site. Another look o f surgical site world contaminated is being in contact with contaminated surgical equipments, environment, and hands of staffs. (NICE, 2006).ASSESSMENTThe Roper- Logan-Tierney Model of Nursing based on activities of living was used in planning the care of Mrs P which is a widely used model in physical exercise areas in the UK(Roper et al 2000).Maintaining a safe environmentMrs P was alert and orientated however she is diabetic, hypertensive, uses eye glasses and obese. She has an infected wound that is oozing and painful, poorly healed, dehisced, abdominal wound. She has a urinary catheter in situ which can be a potential site of another infection.Communicating unhurried can communicate effectively, her primary language is English, can memorise and talk without every aids and difficulties, and very conversant but when it comes to her care she tends to stay quiet and just wait for her turn to be look at. public discussionPatient is at risk of developing chest infection due to decr eased mobility and respiratory depression due to oxynorm medication. Patient has a respiratory rate of 15 br extinguishhs per minute, oxygen saturation of 98% on air, no shortness of breath noted, no signs of respiratory distress and no complaints of pain during breathing.Eating and crapulencePatient claims to have decreased appetite after(prenominal) operation and risk of poor wound meliorate since although she is obese, she silence needs some important nutrients like protein and vitamins like vitamin A,C, and K. Also patient is scared that when she ate, it will cause more pressure to her abdominal wound. Patient is able to eat and drink independently, no complains of barrier of swallowing, and she is on normal diet.EliminatingMrs. P has urinary catheter in situ draining adequate amount of urine at present which made her at risk of unless infection. She was continent of faeces and uses bedside commode with aid of two staffs. Because of the pain on her wound when moving and t he need of two staffs to help her get out of bed, she keeps ref apply her senna tablet and end up opening her bowel on bed.Personal Cleansing and dressingNurses are the one irrigating and changing her wound dressing. Mrs P is unable to brush and dress herself independently due to her current state of health. Did not have any shower since ad fly the coopion because of her difficulty in mobilising.Controlling body temperatureAlthough Mrs P got an infection, her temperature during assessment was 36.8 degree Celsius, no sweating noted, skin warm to touch, uses completely hospital gown and dressing gown to keep her warm during the day, and uses top tacking and one blanket at night. She has limited mobility which predisposed her to poor blood circulation.MobilisingWhile on bed, Mrs P can turn on her sides but still with assistance of one staff because of her abdominal wound and shes an obese patient. Patient complains of pain on the surgical site when moving and mobilising. Three days earlier she was being hoisted from bed to chair and back to bed with assistance of 3 staffs but at this time after referral to physiotherapist, she can transfer to chair with assistance of two staffs and use of a zimmer frame. She was able to stand during the transfer and can nonplus 2-3 steps during transfer.Working and playingPatient worked in an bunk before but had early retirement due to illness. Enjoys knitting and playing with her grandchildren at home. Although she can still do knitting, she cannot run or look after her grandchildren at home in her situation.Expressing sexualityMrs P is 63 years old, menopause, and still lives with her husband. Her abdominal wound makes her anxious about her body image.SleepingPatient says shes not able to sleep well due to environment change, pain and sometimes bowel urgencies. Mrs P takes two glasses of milk before bedtime. close and DyingMrs P keeps asking about worst thing that could happen to her regarding her present condition. She i s worried for her husband when it happens to her first. Patient does not have a will. identification OF PATIENTS PROBLEMWhile in the ward, Mrs P was assessed using the RLT Model based on activities of living. From those activities, all problems identified were related to her infected wound that is not healing normally. She has to stay further in the hospital until her infection is dealt with and that her condition will be manageable by primary care. This is a serious problem that if not attended immediately would cause further injury or problems to Mrs P therefore these problems which are related to each other should be the priority and the contract of her care plan.GOALSAfter nursing interventions, Mrs P will be able to verbalize feelings regarding her condition and understand the course of treatment being done to her. In three to 7 days, patient will be able to mobilize on her own using her zimmer frame and will be infection free.NURSING CARE PLANPROBLEMSINTERVENTIONSRATIONALEREF ERENCES1.Wound InfectionMonitored patients vital signs.Assessed wound site daily and put down.Maintained aseptic technique when changing dressing and irrigation.Administered antibiotic as prescribed.Encouraged patient to eat nutritious food and increase fluid intakeEducated patient about wound infection control and go alongion.Infection is frequently linked with febricityAs basis for treatmentTo prevent further deterioration in woundInhibits growth and kill microorganismsEnhance immune responseTo have an idea on how to manage her surgical woundRico et al, 2002Shultz et al, 2003MEP,2008Colier, 2004Dealey,2012NICE, 20062. Poor wound healingAssessed the wound and its surroundingsMonitored blood glucose regularlyMaintained strict infection control measuresEncouraged patient to eat nutritious food and increase fluid intakeEncouraged diversional activities like knitting and reading papers.Maintained a moist wound environment but not unadulteratedManaged exudates to ensure that surroun ding skin is protected from leakage.Referred to tissue viability nurseTo assess healing and as basis for treatment.Associated with delayed wound healing.* need to expandTo prevent further infectionPoor nutrition increases infection risk.* how does protein, calories affects healing, hydration?Link poor healing with nutrition.To reduce stress caused by pain on the wound surroundings.Supports wound healingExudates can damage surrounding skin and is ideal for bacterial growthTo give advice on seize wound dressing for wound healing by secondary intention.Daugherty and Lister, 2004Patel, 2008Pratt et al,2007Dealey, 2012Augustine and Maier,2003Shultz et al,2003Vowden and Vowden, 2002NICE, 2006PART 2HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE POLICIESThe basic principle of NHS is that good health care should be available to all, regardless of wealth(NHS website,2011). In revisal to maintain it, the NHS is regulated by several policies. DH policies are designed to improve on existing arrangements in health and social care, and turn political imagery into actions that should benefit staff, patients and the public (DH 2010b).Mrs Ps information are compiled in a folder and kept in a secure place so that only members of the Multi-disciplinary team responsible for her care will be able to access it. It is the responsibility of healthcare professionals to safeguard their patients information and share it only to appropriate individuals (NMC, 2008). Mrs Ps personal information were handled in accordance with Data Protection Act of 1998.According to Mental Capacity Act of 2005, every adult has the right to make his or her decision and must be assumed to have capacity to make them unless it is proved otherwise. Informed consent was taken from Mrs P before any procedures or treatment was given or done. Doctors, anaesthetists and nurses has the responsibility to explain all tests and procedures being carried out on her and made sure she understood why it is being done or given to her. The consent is not valid when the person did not understand intervention (DH, 2009a).The vital signs of Mrs P were kept monitored and documented using the National Early Warning Score (NEWS)Chart. It is a new observation chart (implemented July, 2012) used in the ward where Mrs P was admitted. RCP (2012) says that this is also used as a surveillance system for all patients in hospitals, tracking their clinical condition, alerting the clinical team to any clinical deterioration and triggering a apropos clinical response. Another tool used in Mrs Ps ward is the SBAR Tool. It is a structured method for communicating critical information that requires immediate management or action(NHS Website, 2008).The patient was also assessed using the Waterlow Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Tool and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool(MUST). In the chart it says there that although the later(prenominal) was incorporated to Waterlow, they should be assessed individually to ensure patient needs are addresse d and their care was implemented (Waterlow 1985, Revised 2005). This tool helps nurses and other healthcare professionals in identifying what measures and equipment are needed for the care of the patient. NICE (2006) recommends that all hospital inpatients on admission and all outpatients at their first clinic appointment should be screened (weighed, measured and have Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated). Screening should be repeated weekly for inpatients and when there is clinical concern for outpatients.The abdominal wound of Mrs P was also assessed and documented on the Wound Management Chart implemented by the trust. Mrs Ps surgical team decided to leave her dehisced wound open and heal by second intention. The team looking after her prescribed antibiotic, and twice a day irrigation and dressing of her wound. Mrs P was referred to the Tissue Viability Nurses (TVN) for advice on appropriate dressings to be used on her wound as it was planned to heal by secondary intention (NICE, 201 2).Another issue to consider in looking after Mrs P was infection control. The fact that she was already infected does not mean healthcare staffs no longer follow Infection control procedures. Infection control should be strictly manifested in order not to aggravate her situation. Hand hygiene is important especially before touching the patients wound to minimise introduction of pathogens and also after changing wound dressings to prevent self and cross- contamination of patient. The WHO (2006), provided Five Moments as to when healthcare professionals should perform hand hygiene. Use of appropriate Personal cautionary Equipments (PPE) should also be worn when irrigating and renewing the surgical wound dressing of Mrs P to prevent spread of infection. Guidelines on how to put on PPE and how to take it bump off were also produced by WHO(2007). Proper disposal of sharps used by Mrs P like needles used for her antibiotic, insulin, and fragmin injection should also be observed. They s hould be thrown immediately to designated sharp bins as uncapped and still assembled (RCN,2011).OVERALL EVALUATION AND CRITIQUE OF FRAMEWORKThe nursing dish up is an orderly method of designing and providing nursing care which are collecting information and assessing the patient, planning care and defining objectives for nursing care, implementing interventions and evaluating results (Uys Habermann, 2005,p.3). Roper et al(2000,p.124) pointed out that assessment which is considered to be the first phase of the nursing process should be done regularly and not only once. Being this the case, the use of Roper- Logan-Tierney (RLT) Model based on Activities of Living is preferred for Mrs Ps case. It does assess the patient needs wholly and can determine the impact of infection and poor wound healing to her identified twelve activities of living as recognized by the model. Using RLT model, an overview of Mrs Ps health status was created and from it prioritization of her needs is easier. This model enabled healthcare professionals to produce a care plan which is unique or aligned to her needs. The creator of this care study find this framework to be an ideal model in assessing patient and useful for healthcare professionals as they do not miss out any facial expression of care.Looking at the down side of the model, it is a very long process of assessment and it takes time for a healthcare staff to finish all the twelve areas. The author of this study thinks although it is an ideal one that in a ward where Mrs P was confined, there might be an issue in doing this regularly to all patients. It is a very busy ward and if all patients are assessed regularly using this model, problems on other aspect of nursing process will be left untouched and cause additional work to incoming staffs.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE PRACTICEHealth and social care policies are indeed very important and has a great impact to the healthcare system. It serves as the basis for the trusts in making their own policies and it guides healthcare professionals to their practice. Nurses practice in accordance with the NMC Code, Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives and other laws and guidelines provided by the British government and different departments or agencies like the Department of Health, National Institute of clinical Excellence, World Health Organization, etc.After using the Roper-Logan-Tierney Model The care of Mrs P went smoothly during her stay in the hospital. Her post- operative complications have been managed without any study issues. Since the very start, nurses and other members of the MDT reassured her that personal details and all information regarding her care is treated as confidential and that this could only be shared to appropriate people only on her approval. The MDT members based their interventions on the protocol and policies of the trusts which was based on National policies. Mrs Ps problems were managed by the interventions provided in the hospital and was now carry out and back to her home. Long term goals were also taken into account therefore a proper referral to the district nurse was done before she went home.